Lanczos bidiagonalization-based inverse solution methods applied to electrical imaging of the heart by using reduced lead-sets: A simulation study

In inverse problem of electrocardiography (ECG), electrical activity of the heart is estimated from body surface potential measurements. This electrical activity provides useful information about the state of the heart, thus it may help clinicians diagnose and treat heart diseases before they cause serious health problems. For practical application of the method, having fewer number of electrodes for data acquisition is an advantage. Additionally, inverse problem of ECG is ill-posed due to attenuation and smoothing within the body. Therefore, the solution of ECG inverse problem has to be regularized. In this study, we constrain ourselves to two Lanczosbidiagonalization-based inverse solution methods, namely, Lanczos least-squares QR (L-LSQR) factorization and Lanczos truncated total least-squares (L-TTLS). Tikhonov regularization is also implemented as a base for comparison for these methods. We use body surface measurements simulated using epicardial potentials measured from the surface of canine hearts. In these experiments, the hearts are stimulated *Corresponding author: Fourough Gharbalchi, Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey E-mail: gharbalchi.fourough@metu. edu.tr Reviewing editors: Herman Mawengkang, The University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber, Middle East Technical University, Turkey Additional information is available at the end of the article